|

Irineu Evangelista
de Souza -
Banco do Brasil
(http://terrasdosul.pampasonline.com.br/
terrasdosul_baraodemaua.jpg)

Christian F. Martin Sr.
- C F. Martin & Co. (http://www.mguitar.com/
history/timeline/cfmsr.gif)

John McKesson, Charles
Olcott - Mckesson Corporation (http://www.mckesson.
com/ static_files/
McKesson.com/ Common_Images/history 1800s2.jpg)

Charles Reed Bishop
- First Hawaiian
(http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/ dailypix/
2006/Jul/02/sesq1charlesbishop_b.jpg)

Samuel M. Damon
- First Hawaiian
(http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/ dailypix/2007/
Dec/16/M1943211215.GIF)

Rowland Hussey (R. H.)
Macy - founder of Macy's (http://www.thebiographychannel. ca/
images/episodes/289.jpg)

Benjamin Holt (Caterpillar's Largest
Predecessor) (http://ohe.cat.com/public/37 /
54/365383/7/ 1156866062767/t/

Daniel Best
- Best Tractor Company - later Caterpillar
(http://www.cat.com/images/ 1073060025771/f/history_full.gif)

James Concannon - Concannon
Vineyards (http://gngnb.com/Images/ep25-concannon.jpg)

Carl H. Abbott
- Fitzgerald Abbott & Beardsley
(http://www.fablaw.com/ images/img_abbott.jpg)

Arthur Hannaford
- Hannaford Bros. (http://www.hannaford.com/Images/
Our_Company/1839.gif)

James E. Higgins, Sr.
- J. E. Higgins Lumber Company (http://www.higlum.com/
images/JE_HigSr.jpg)

Cyrus H. K Curtis - Ladies Home Journal
(http://www.foko.org/03/images/
CyrusHKcurtissigned.JPG)

Lyle's Golden Syrup
(http://www.buybritish.net/store/ image.php?productid=18570)

C. H. Wente - Wente Vineyards
(http://www.wentevineyards. comimages/ history1.jpg)

J. Allen Smith
- White Lily Flour (http://www.tnportraits.org/
images/81235.jpg)

G.A. Krause -
founder Wolverine World Wide (http://www.
wolverineworldwide.com/ images/main_history1.jpg)

Stephen Foster Briggs, Harold M. Stratton
- founders Briggs & Stratton (http://www.briggsandstratton.
com/ corp/about_us/history.aspx)

Henry Ittleson
- CIT Financial (http://www.cit.com/NR/ rdonlyres/
1D6AD9A0-3CBC-46EC-BE5C-B5938C4C3A54/0/ 193x78_Ittleson.jpg)

Chuck Taylor
- Converse (http://sneakers.pair.com/ s/mrchuck.jpg)

Edward A. Filene
(http://www.woccu.org/press/
awards/images/filene.jpg)

Henry Ford - Model T
(http://images.thetruthaboutcars.com/
2008/05/ford_model_t_henry_1w.jpg)

William C. Durant
- founder General Motors (http://www.sos.state.mi.us/history/ museum/
explore/museums/hismus/1900-75/erlyauto/images/durant.gif)

Edwin F. Gay
- first dean Harvard Business School (http://www.
harvardmagazine. com/ lib/03so/images/ 070_Image_0001.jpg)

Jacob Leander Loose
- Sunshine Biscuits (http://www.kclibrary.org/lhimgs/kcpl/
regular/loosej_reg.jpg)

John L. Kellogg
- Northwestern (http://centennial.kellogg.
northwestern.edu/ timeline/images/entries/ 1978-1987/large_Slideshow_
Page/ JL_Kellogg.jpg)

Melitta Bentz - Melitta Bentz
Company (http://www.espresso-kaffee-blog.de/wp-content/uploads/2006/04/
melitta%20bentz.jpg)

Camillo Olivetti
- ng. C. Olivetti & C., S.p.A. (http://www.coreoffice.co.za/
images/camillo.jpg)

Adriano Olivetti
(http://www.italica.rai.it/galleria/
numero6/istituzioni/istituzioni/ adriano.gif)

Abe Plough -
Schering-Plough (http://www.
societyofentrepreneurs.com/ images/soe_photo_briggs.jpg)

John North Willys
- Jeep
(http://www.todayinsci.com/
W/Willys_John/WillysJohnThm.jpg)

Richard Hollingshead
- first drive-in theater (http://www.
waterwinterwonderland. com images/dih1.jpg)

René LaCoste -
Chemise LaCoste (http://bp3.blogger.com/
_SwcOkAhI64w/RpKS0nJ5LWI/ AAAAAAAABfc/
TYwJLS_72zE/s1600-h/lacoste-stor__b375m.jpg)

Ethel Percy Andrus - AARP (http://www.obcgs.com/
firstwomen/andrus.gif)

Ben Ali - Ben's Chili Bowl
(http://www.roadfood.com/ photos/3216.JPG)

Virginia Ali -
Ben's Chili Bowl (http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/
2007/09/16/us/16washington.600.jpg)

Cliff Hillegass
- founder CliffsNotes (http://img.timeinc.net/time/
daily/2001/0105/cliff0507.jpg)

Harold Alfond -
Dexter Shoe Co. (http://www.efluxmedia.com/
content/news/ news_10768.jpg)

Jack S. Kilby
- inventor of integrated circuit (http://nobelprize.org/physics/
laureates/2000/kilby.gif)

Jack Kilby's First
Integrated Circuit - 1958 (http://i.zdnet.com/gallery/15446-525-346.jpg)

Al Lapin - founder IHOP
(http://LifeInLegacy.com/ 2004/0626/LapinAl.jpg)

Jack Dunfey
- Omni Hotels (http://www.irlfunds.org/images/
misc_images/boston/jdunphy.jpg)

PC World -
January 1983 (http://www.vintage-computer.com/images/
pcworldv1n1.jpg)

Euro -
(http://www.civitas.org.uk/eufacts/
graphics/euro.jpg)
|
|
Anniversaries - 2008
Banco do Brasil
-
200th
Anniversary:
1808 - Banco do Brasil founded By decree of
the king, D. João VI; 1829 - accused of depreciating the
currency by competing with its own issuances (exodus of precious metals, overall
rise in prices; law promulgated abolishing Banco do
Brasil;
1833 - Bank liquidated; August 21, 1851 - Irineu
Evangelista de Souza, Baron and Viscount of Maua, founded financial
institution in Rio de Janeiro, named Banco do Brasil;
1853 - merged with the Commercial Bank of Rio de Janeiro
(founded 1838); 1866
- became commercial banking, mortgage institute; 1888 - appropriated
first credit lines for agriculture; used to recruit European immigrants
for settlements at coffee farms;September 18, 1889 -
decree authorized operation of new issuing bank, Banco Nacional do
Brasil; December 17, 1892 - President enacted Decree No.
1167, authorized merger between Banco do Brasil and Banco da República
dos Estados Unidos do Brasil; new institution, with power to issue money, called Banco da
República do Brasil; 1906 - renamed Banco do Brasil;
1971 - 975 branches in national territory, 14 abroad;
November 15, 1976 - thousandth branch inaugurated; 1992
- reverted to historical position as principal agent of national
economic development; 2004 - 20 million individual current
account holders, registered net profit of R$3.024 billion.
C. F. Martin & Co. -
175th
Anniversary:
1833 - Christian F.
Martin Sr. set up luthier shop in New York City; first guitar maker to craft
Stauffer style headstock in America; 1840s - created, perfected
X-bracing to give strength to guitar top to handle pressure of taut strings,
heavy playing while still maintaining very high quality Martin tone (still
considered best bracing pattern, imitated by luthiers around world); 1873
- C. F. Martin Jr. took command; 1888 - Frank Henry Martin (22,
grandson) assumed control; 1890s - began production of mandolins;
1917 - built first steel-string Hawaiian guitars played with steel
bar; 1918 - discontinued use of elephant ivory, used celluloid ("ivoroid");
1922 - first line of guitars for steel strings; 1845
- C. F. Martin III (great grandson) took over; 1969 - discontinued
hard-to-obtain Brazilian rosewood for most stock models, replaced with rosewood
from East India; 1986 - C. F. "Chris" Martin IV(great great
grandson) took over; 1990 - completed 500,00th guitar; 1999
- completed 700,00th guitar; 2004 - completed 1,000,000th guitar.
McKesson Corp. -
175th
Anniversary:
1833
- John McKesson, Charles Olcott founded
Olcott & McKesson in New York City; focused on import, wholesaling of
therapeutic drugs and chemicals; 1853 - renamed McKesson &
Robbins (Olcott died, Daniel Robbins made partner); distributed products
via covered wagons in 17 states and territories, from Vermont to
California; early 1900s - leading distributor of drug
products in United States; 1926 - acquired by Frank D.
Coster of Adelphi Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Company, manufacturer of
high alcohol-content products such as hair tonic, cosmetics (real
name Philip Musica,
twice-convicted criminal); 1938 - true identity
revealed; company treasurer became suspicious of large payments to one
customer; ordered Dun & Bradstreet credit reports on customer - customer
fictitious; December 6, 1938 - SEC opened investigation
into company's accounting, New York Stock Exchange suspended trading of
company’s shares; investigation revealed Coster had
embezzled $3 million, inflated company's assets by
more than 20% fictitious (inventories, accounts receivable);
1940s - returned to private ownership; 1967
-
McKesson & Robbins Inc. merged with Foremost Dairies (San
Francisco) after
hostile takeover; formed Foremost-McKesson Inc.; became largest
U.S. distributor of drugs, alcoholic beverages and chemicals; largest
supplier of whey by-products; largest producer of processed water;
leader in fresh dairy products field; multiregional distributor of
hospital and laboratory supplies and equipment; 1976 -
corporate raider, Victor Posner, acquired 10% of company's stock in
start of takeover attempt; McKesson management initiated negative public
relations campaign to publicize Posner's overstating of his company's
1975 earnings;
April 1976 - bid dropped; McKesson stockholders approved
charter change, prohibited any "unsuitable" party (any business that
might jeopardize company's liquor, drug licenses) from acquiring over
10% of company's common stock; May 4, 1981 - acquired
Sharon Steel stock in Foremost-McKesson in targeted repurchase ('greenmail') for
$65.1 million; 1982 -
Foremost Dairies division acquired by group of private investors for
about $65 million; emphasized distribution business, other proprietary product
lines.
1990's -
focused on healthcare, divested unrelated businesses; 2006
- 16th on FORTUNE 500 list, more than $80 billion in annual revenue;
nation’s largest healthcare services company.
American Banknote -
150th
Anniversary:
1858 - American Bank
Note Company formed from merger of Rawdon, Wright, Hatch & Edson (founded 1847,
23.9% share), Toppan, Carpenter & Co. (founded 1845, 22.4% share), Danforth,
Perkins & Co. (founded 1858, 21.8% share), Bald, Cousland & Co. (founded 1853,
13.3% share), Jocelyn, Draper, Welsh & Co. (founded 1854, 8.4% share), Wellstood,
Hay & Whiting (founded 1855, 8.2% share), John E. Gavit (founded 1851, 2%
share); 1891 - introduced "planchette
paper" (supplied by Crane & Co.), contained colored paper discs (rather than
silk fibers or silk threads), instantly revealed any counterfeit; became
pre-eminent supplier of engraved travelers check forms (with safeguards against
counterfeiting); 1900 - supplied bank notes for 48
countries, printed stock certificates, bonds, checks; 1911 - merged
with United Bank Note Corp. (formed in 1906 as holding company to acquire stock
of American Bank Note Co.); 1940s - worked with American
Cyanamid Company, Crane & Co. to develop "Melamine" paper, provides increased
resistance to folding, tearing, rubbing, wet strength or resistance to wear when
subjected to moisture; 1990 - International Banknote merged with
U.S. Banknote Company L.P. (founded 1884) in transaction valued at $104 million,
formed United States Banknote Corporation, second largest security printer in
world; July 1, 1995 - name changed to American Banknote
Corporation; 1999 - forced to restate 1998 earnings
because of questions regarding overstatement of revenues, net income;
December 18, 1999 - filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection;
April 8, 2005 - Bankruptcy Court confirmed Company's Plan of
Reorganization as American Banknote Corporation.
First Hawaiian Bank -
150th
Anniversary:
August 17, 1858
- Charles Reed Bishop, from upstate New York, William A. Aldrich,
opened Bishop & Co. in basement room in "Makee & Anthon's
Building" on Kaahumanu Street in Honolulu, HI; ran advertisement
in local newspaper: "Bishop & Co.'s Savings Bank! The undersigned
will receive money at their Savings Bank upon the following terms:
On sums of $300 or under, from one person, they will pay interest
at the rate of 5 per cent per annum from date of receipt";
$4,784.25 in deposits at end of first business day; first
successful banking partnership under laws of independent Kingdom
of Hawaii; 1895 - acquired by Samuel M. Damon;
1910 - opener first branch in Hilo, total assets of
$4.8 million; January 2, 1919 - incorporated as Bank
of Bishop and Co., Ltd.; 1925 - $22 million in
assets, half-dozen branches; January 30, 1929 -
merged with First National Bank of Hawaii, First American Savings
Bank, Army National Bank of Schofield Barracks, Baldwin Bank
(Maui), name changed to Bishop First National Bank of Honolulu
(assets over $30 million); 1933 - name changed to
Bishop National Bank of Hawaii at Honolulu; 1956 -
renamed Bishop National Bank of Hawaii; 1960 -
changed to First National Bank of Hawaii (Hawaii became state in
1959); 1969 - name changed to First Hawaiian Bank;
second largest bank holding company in Hawaii; March 1971
--introduced photo credit card; oldest photo card product in
continuous production in U.S.; 1974 --First
Hawaiian, Inc. formed as holding company for First Hawaiian Bank;
May 3, 1991 - acquired First Interstate Bank of
Hawaii; April 1992 - ranked tenth safest lender in
nation by Business Week; August 6, 1993 - acquired
Pioneer Federal Savings Bank (founded 1890); $7 billion assets, 92
branches in state; November 1, 1998 - merged (about
$1 billion deal) with San Francisco-based Bank of the West (45%
owned by Banque Nationale de Paris; renamed BancWest Corporation;
largest stock deal in history by Hawaii company; December
20, 2001 - BNP Paribas completed acquisition of 55% of
BancWest stock it did not already own; 2003 - First
Hawaiian Bank became Hawaii's largest bank in terms of assets.
Macy's -
150th
Anniversary: October 27, 1858 - Captain Rowland H. Macy (36) opened Macy's department
store in New York City
on corner of 14th Street and 6th
Avenue; immediate success after string of seven business failures - first day sales totaled $11.06; $90,000.00 gross sales in
first year; 1887 - Isidore and Nathan Straus became part
owners; 1898 - bought full control; 1902 - built
new store at Herald Square (9 stories, 33 elevators, 4 escalators, pneumatic
tube system); proclaimed "the largest store on earth";
1924 - Macy's Herald Square location became largest store in
world, following completion of Seventh Avenue addition.
Sutro & Co. -
150th
Anniversary:
1858 - Gustav, Charles, Albert, Emil Sutro
(relatives of Adolf Sutro) founded Sutro & Co. in San Francisco to engage in
general banking; oldest investment banking firm in San Francisco; oldest New
York Stock Exchange Member Firm west of Mississippi; largest full-service
regional investment firm in California; 1986 - acquired by John
Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Co. (part of Freedom Securities Corporation
subsidiary); April 2000 - Freedom Securities Corporation name
changed to Tucker Anthony Sutro; October 2001 - acquired by Royal
Bank of Canada for $600 million, merged into Dain Rauscher unit; ninth largest
full-service securities firm in United States (nearly 2,100 retail
representatives).
Caterpillar -
125th
Anniversary: 1883 - Benjamin Holt
produced his first horse-drawn "Link-Belt Combined Harvester"; founded Holt
Manufacturing Company in Stockton, CA; later called Caterpillar Tractor;
November 24, 1904
- Benjamin Holt , of Holt Manufacturing Company in Stockton, CA, invented first
successful track-type tractor (crawler track, with tracks to disperse weight,
provide better traction; used later for tanks, moving heavy artillery); made
first 'caterpillar' tractor (chosen because motion of track as it traveled
resembled movement of caterpillar); December 17, 1907 - received a
patent for a "Traction Engine" ("improvement in vehicles, and especially of the
traction engine class; and included endless traveling platform supports upon
which the engine is carried"); 1925 - merged with longtime
competitor, C. L. Best Tractor Company, formed Caterpillar Tractor Co.;
consolidated dealerships of both companies into network of strong, independent
Caterpillar dealerships; predecessor to modern-day Caterpillar, Inc.
Concannon Vineyards -
125th
Anniversary:
1883 - James Concannon planted first vines in Livermore
Valley, CA; established Concannon Vineyards, one of California's oldest
wineries; first Irish vintner;
1961 - produced world’s first Petite Sirah; discovered America’s
first female winemaker, Hungarian ballerina named Katherine Vajda.
Fitzgerald Abbott & Beardsley
-
125th
Anniversary:
1883 -
Robert M. Fitzgerald opened Oakland legal practice in two-room office on
Broadway; 1895 - Carl H. Abbott became junior partner;
1900 - formed partnership with Donald Y. Campbell, E.S.
Fowler; moved practice to San Francisco; 1906 - earthquake, fire
precipitated Fitzgerald and Abbott's return to Oakland;
1908 - Charles A. Beardsley became associate;
1913 - made partner; name changed to Fitzgerald Abbott &
Beardsley; oldest law firm in continuous existence in East Bay area, one of
oldest firms in California.
Hannaford Bros. Co. -
125th
Anniversary:
1883
- Arthur Hannaford opened small store on waterfront in Portland, ME to sell
high-quality produce; 1902 - Howard, Edward Hannaford
(brothers) joined business, incorporated as Hannaford Bros. Co.; leading produce
wholesaler in northern New England; 1944 - opened first retail
grocery store; 1971 - went public; 2000 - acquired
by Delhaize Goup (founded in Belgium in 1867); 2004 - Hannaford
operated 142 stores.
J. E. Higgins Lumber Company
-
125th
Anniversary: 1883 - Frank Allen and
established Allen & Tuggle Lumber Company in San Francisco, CA; 1885
- destroyed by fire; half interest acquired by James E. Higgins, Sr., formed
Allen and Higgins Lumber Company with post-fire remains (approximately five rail
cars of hardwood lumber); 1901 - Higgins assumed leadership
(Allen's death); April 18, 1906 - destroyed in earthquake;
April 22, 1906 - reopened, supplied some of materials needed to rebuild
City; 1911 - Higgins acquired Allen’s interest in company, changed
name to J. E. Higgins Lumber Company; 1922 - James Edwin Higgins,
Jr. took over; grew company through increased market share, acquisition; largest
dealer of hardwood west of the Mississippi River and the largest dealer in
Philippine hardwoods in United States; 1961 - James W. Higgins,
John M. Higgins (nephews) elected President, Vice President, respectively; August
19, 1969 - fire destroyed half of timber inventory; 1974 -
Harry S. Anthony (son-in-law of James E. Higgins, Jr.) selected President;
1993 - Jonathan R. Long (son-in-law of James W. Higgins) named
President; strengthened core business (buy, sell lumber, plywood,
industry-associated products to cabinet trade customers), positioned company
geographically (capitalize on effectiveness of distribution network).
Ladies Home Journal -
125th
Anniversary:
December 1883 - Cyrus H. Curtis (Curtis
Publishing) published
first issue of Ladies Home Journal as women's supplement
to the Tribune and Farmer (lacked material for farming magazine);
1986 - acquired by Meredith Corporation.
Lyle's Golden Syrup -
125th
Anniversary: 1883
- Abram Lyle & Sons started melting sugar in Plaistow Refinery
(Plaistow Wharf in London's
Docklands,
mile-and-a-half from Henry Tate's refinery); created Lyle's Golden Syrup (treacly syrup
from sugar cane refining process);
January 10, 1885 - first packaged in tins; 1904 - "lion and bees" identified
with Lyle's Golden Syrup, registered as trademark; November 5,
1912 - Abram Lyle & sons, Limited registered "Lyle's Golden
Syrup" trademark in the U. S. first used October 1884 (table-syrup);
1921 - merged with Henry Tate & Sons, formed Tate & Lyle
PLC; 2006 - Lyle's Golden Syrup named by
Guinness World Records as world's oldest branding/packaging (since
1885).
Sunbeam -
125th
Anniversary:
1883 - Thomas J. Clark,
John K. Stewart developed hair, wool clipping machines for shearing
sheep, grooming horses in Dundee, IL; 1897 - incorporated
as Chicago Flexible Shaft Company; leading manufacturer of sheep
shearing equipment in United States; 1910 - diversified
into small electrical appliances to offset seasonality of sheep shearing
industry; launched Princess electric iron, laid foundation for small
appliance industry; 1921 - Sunbeam brand name first
appeared in national advertising campaign; company shifted primary focus
to electrical appliances; August 2, 1921 - registered
"Sunbeam" trademark first used March 1, 1921 (electric flatirons);
1929 - introduced Mixmaster; March 17, 1931 -
registered "Mixmaster" trademark first used September 1, 1930 (electric
food mixers); 1946 - name changed to Sunbeam Corporation;
1960 - acquired John Oster Manufacturing Company,
introduced Osterizer® blender (completely automatic); 1981
- acquired by Allegheny International Inc.; 1988 -
Allegheny filed for bankruptcy; 1990 - Sunbeam division
acquired by Michael Price, Michael Steinhardt, Paul Kazarian; renamed
Sunbeam-Oster Company; 1992 - went public; 1995
- name changed back to Sunbeam Corporation; July 1996 -
hired Al Dunlap to turn company around; June 1998 - ousted
for accounting manipulation, corporate fraud (reported profits for 1996,
1997, 1998 lowered by more than $90 million); February 6, 2001
- filed for bankruptcy protection; December 2002 - emerged
from bankruptcy, renamed American Household, Inc.; September 2004
- acquired by Jarden Corporation.
Vicksburg Evening Post -
125th
Anniversary:
March 4, 1883 - John Gordon Cashmans began "Vicksburg
Evening Post" in Mississippi.
Wente Vineyards -
125th
Anniversary:
1883 - C. H. Wente, first-generation immigrant from
Germany, purchased 48 acres in Livermore Valley, planted vineyards;
learned about winemaking from Charles Krug; 1918 -
Ernest and Herman Wente (sons) joined business; Ernest managed
vineyards, Herman acted as winemaker; company passed on to Ernest's only
son Karl; 1935 - introduced California's first varietal
wine label, Sauvignon Blanc; 1977 - Eric (Karl's son) took
helm; 2006 - managed by fourth, fifth generations of Wente
family (2,000 acres of vineyards in Livermore Valley, San Francisco Bay,
700 in Arroyo Seco, Monterey); California's oldest continuously
family-owned and operated winery.
White Lily Flour -
125th
Anniversary:
1883 - J. Allen
Smith (from Elberton, GA), organized, built City Mills, later called J.
Allen Smith & Co., grain business, in Knoxville, TN; began milling a
soft-wheat flour; named it for his wife, Lillie; produced 100 barrels of
flour, 200 bushels of cornmeal a day; became known as the Sunday flour;
only major brand in United States milled entirely from soft winter wheat
(contains less gluten than hard wheat), flakier biscuits and piecrusts;
best-selling flour in southeastern United States; 1920 -
Powell Smith (son) became owner; 1968 - acquired by Great Western United
Corp.; 1972 - acquired by Dixie-Portland Flour Mills
(Memphis); 1988 - 68.5% of retail market in Knoxville,
fourth-largest-selling brand of flour nationally; 1989-1995
- five ownership changes; 1995 - acquired by .H. Guenther
& Son Inc. (San Antonio); 2006 - White Lily brand name
acquired by J. M. Smucker Company (H. Guenther & Son Inc. continues as
owner of mill, supplier of White Lily products).; March 2008
- Smucker ended supply agreement; June 30, 2008 - mill
closed.
Wolverine Worldwide -
125th
Anniversary:
1883 - G. A. Krause, Fred Hirth (uncle) founded shoe making company;
1906 - incorporated as Hirth-Krause Company;
1914
- selected Wolverine brand name for shoes made of Wolverine horsehide
leather.; called "1000 Mile Shoes"; 1921 - name changed to Wolverine Shoe and Tanning Corporation; 1957
- Victor Krause, Chairman, developed oxford shoe that utilized new
technology in tanning process of suede; first truly casual shoe;
July 1, 1958 - registered "Hush Puppies" trademark
first used May 21, 1957 (shoes); name
suggested by Jim Muir, company salesman; had dined at friend’s home in
Tennessee; enjoyed Southern dish of fried corn dough called "Hush
Puppies"; told that any remaining corn dough was fed to dogs to keep
them from barking (common to refer to aching feet as "barking dogs"); 1964
- name changed to Wolverine World Wide, Inc.; 1997 -
acquired Merrell brand, began process of developing leading global brand
in performance outdoor footwear; 2003 - acquired Sebago,
authentic American brand featuring hand sewn dress casual and
performance marine footwear; 2005 - sales topped one
billion dollars for first time.
Briggs & Stratton -
100th
Anniversary:
1908 - Stephen Foster Briggs (inventor), Harold
M. Stratton (investor) began informal relationship, formed company to
compete in auto parts industry; 1909 - introduced an
igniter switch; Steve Briggs received patent for gas engine igniters;
1910 - incorporated; ignition switches mainstay of business;
1920 - introduced stationary "Type P" engine,
revolutionized 4-cycle gasoline engine industry, power source for many
machinery applications; 1928 - acquired Evinrude Motors;
1946-1952 - produced 500,00 engines per year; 1953
- developed aluminum engine, revolutionized lawn and garden industry;
1954 - built 1.3 million engines;
1950s - produced average of over 2 million engines per
year; world's largest producer of small, 4-cycle engines; 1978
- 25,000 worldwide service dealers; 2007 - world's largest
producer of air-cooled gasoline engines for outdoor power equipment.
CIT Corporation -
100th
Anniversary: February 22, 1908
- Henry Ittleson, former dry goods retailer, law student, real estate agent,
stockbroker, founded CIT Corporation; May 1908 - 22 businesses as
clients (including Monsanto); 1916 - joined with Studebaker
automobile company (4,000 dealerships) to provide financing to car buyers (put
one-third down, paid balance in eight monthly installments); 1924
- went public; 1925 - business volume exceeded $148 million,
recorded capital in excess of $26 million; 1926 - record profits
of $3.5 million; 1928 - entered factoring market (Commercial
Factors Corporation subsidiary nation’s largest factoring business in 1929);
1965 - $100 billion in financing volume since 1908 (half since 1955);
1969 - withdrew from auto financing, turned to personal, home equity
loans, equipment leasing; 1971 - record-high earnings for 20th
consecutive year; 1977 - more than 1,000 consumer finance offices;
1980 -- acquired by RCA Corporation; 1984 - acquired
by Manufacturers Hanover Trust Corporation ($8 billion in factoring business
volume, largest factoring unit in world); 1989 - 60% majority
interest in CIT acquired by Dai-Ichi Kangyo Bank, Limited of Japan (DKB);
1997 - went public, earnings above $300 million for first time in its
history; 2007 - 1 million clients across 30 industries in 50
countries.
Converse -
100th
Anniversary:
1908 -
Marquis Mills Converse started
Converse Rubber Shoe Company in Malden, MA; sold provided winterized rubber
soled footwear for men, women, children; 1910 - produced 4,000
pairs of shoes daily, 1915 - diversified into tires; 1917
- created vulcanized rubber, canvas "All Star" shoe, first sneaker designed for
basketball (put rubber ankle reinforcement patch on outside of sneaker with
Converse star on it - first brand-name logo on athletic wear); 1918
- Charles H. (Chuck) Taylor, All American high school player (later played for
original Celtics, Buffalo Germans, Akron Firestones), put on his first pair of
All Star shoes; 1921 - Taylor joined company as America's
first player/endorser; 1923 - "Chuck Taylor" signature added to
All Star basketball shoe; 1928 - fell into receivership;
1929 - acquired by Mitchell B. Kaufmann, former president of Hodgman
Rubber Company (heart attack in 1931); 1933 - acquired by Joseph,
Harry, Dewey Stone (from Kaufmann estate); 1937 - introduced Jack
Purcell tennis shoe; 1966 - added color choices to the basic black
and white "Chuck Taylor" All Star basketball shoe; end of 1960s -
90% share of basketball shoe market; 1972 - acquired by Eltra
Corporation; 1975 - "Dr. J" Erving signed with Converse as
testimonial; 1979 - acquired by Allied Corporation; Larry Bird,
"Magic" Johnson signed as testimonial; 1980 - acquired rights to
be "official sports shoe provider" of LA’s 1984 Olympic Games (promotional costs
of about $10 million); 1982 - acquired in management buyout foe
$100 million; 1983 - went public; 1986 - acquired by
Interco. Inc.; 1987 - sales of $315 million; 1991 -
60% of stock acquired by Apollo Advisors (Interco filed for bankruptcy);
November 17, 1994 - spun off by Interco, controlled by Leon Black;
renamed CVEO Corporation; January 2001 - filed for bankruptcy
protection; April 30, 2001 - Converse name and trademarks acquired
in bankruptcy auction by Footwear Acquisition, Inc.; May 21, 2001
- name changed to Converse Inc.; September 3, 2003 - acquired by
Nike for approximately $305 million.
Filene's Basement -
100th
Anniversary:
1908 - Edward A. Filene founded
Tunnel Bargain
Basement (named for its proximity to Washington Street
Subway tunnel) to sell overstock from his father's department store (upstairs); January 4, 1909
- doors opened; launched concept of "off price" store; renamed Automatic
Bargain Basement as new pricing system introduced, “Automatic Mark Down System” (price tag on each item
marked with date it hit selling floor, longer unsold, more price
automatically reduced, first 25%, then 50% , finally 75%; items
unsold given to charity; guaranteed bargains, fast inventory
turnover; name changed to Filene's Basement.
Fisher Body -
100th
Anniversary:
July 22, 1908 - Frederic
and Charles Fisher established the Fisher Body Company to manufacture
carriage and automobile bodies; quickly abandoned carriage building to
concentrate on car frames; 1910 - supplied some car bodies
to
General Motors (GM); 1919 - controlling
interest in company acquired by GM to shore up supplier for its car bodies;
June 30, 1926 - GM traded
667,720 shares of its own stock, at market value of $136 million, for
remaining 40 percent of Fisher Body; became Fisher Body Division of
GM; 1944 - Fisher family; relinquished control of
Division; brothers Lawrence, Edward on board of directors until 1969;
1919 - 1944 - every GM body passed approval of a Fisher
man; family's impact on automotive industry second only to that of Ford family.
Ford Model T
-
100th
Anniversary:
August 12, 1908 - Henry Ford's first Model T
("Tin Lizzie") rolled off assembly line in Detroit; result of five
years of research and development, and 20 attempts, to produce
inexpensive car for mass market; christened Model T after 20th
letter in alphabet (representing 20 attempts); affordable,
reliable car for average American; cost only $850, seated two
people ( (low cost due to Ford's control of all raw materials,
mass production); October 1, 1908 - went on sale; 1915
- electric lights introduced; 1919 - electric starter
introduced as an option; 1927 - production discontinued after manufacture of nearly
15 million cars with Model "T" engine;
longest run of any single model apart from the Volkswagen Beetle = car
for the masses.
General Motors -
100th
Anniversary: September 16, 1908
- Former carriage-maker William Crapo "Billy" Durant
(Durant-Dort Carriage Company) founded General Motors (GM), as a holding
company, incorporated with capital of $2,000 September
29, 1908 - GM merged Buick, Oldsmobile (Lansing, MI) into GM;
added Cadillac (Detroit) for
$4.4 million cash, Oakland
(Pontiac predecessor), dozens of parts suppliers (AC Spark Plug);
1908-1910 - added more than 30 companies to GM; 1910
- Chevrolet and William Durant formed the Chevrolet Motor Company;
September 26, 1910 -
overextended, Durant lost control of the company; July 22, 1911 -
General Motors Truck Company (later GMC) organized; November 1911 -
Chevrolet incorporated; 1912- Cadillac introduced the
electric self-starter, quickly made the hand crank obsolete and
propelled sales; 1915-1916 - Durant regained control of
GM, used Chevrolet profits to repurchase stock; May 2, 1918 -
General Motors (GM) acquired Chevrolet Motor Company of Delaware for about $32 million in GM
stock; Durant
regained control of GM; November 8, 1918
- McLaughlin Carriage and Motor Company Limited and Chevrolet Motor Company of Canada Limited merged, formed General Motors of Canada Limited (President: R.S. "Sam"
McLaughlin); GM already owned 49% of company; 1920 - Durant resigned as GM president,
overextended in stock market; May 10, 1923 - Alfred P. Sloan,
Jr. elected GM president, Chairman of Executive Committee;
1929 - GM surpassed Ford to become leading American
passenger-car manufacturer; 1941 - the company was largest
automotive manufacturer in world.
Harvard Business School
-
100th
Anniversary:
1908 - President
Charles W. Eliot requested that the Corporation of Harvard University establish
a school of business administration; October 1, 1908 - Edwin F.
Gay was appointed the first dean, and HBS opened with a faculty of 15, a course
of study, 33 regular students, and 47 special students; 1911 -
Bureau of Business Research was established to undertake the first organized
research in the field of business administration; "problem" method, the
predecessor to the case method, was introduced to classroom as businessmen were
invited to present real problems to students; 1922 - Doctoral
Program established; Harvard Business Review founded; 1924 - case
method established as primary method of instruction; George Fisher Baker,
president of the First National Bank of New York, donated $5 million to build a
campus for Business School on Boston side of the Charles River; 1945
- group of sixty executives and recently demobilized veterans enrolled in
the School's first executive education program, named the Advanced Management
Program (continuation of a wartime retraining course launched in 1943).
Hydrox Cookies -
100th
Anniversary: 1908 - Loose-Wiles Biscuit Company (formed in 1902 in Kansas
City, MO by Jacob Leander Loose, Joseph Schull Loose, John A. Wiles; name
changed in 1947 to Sunshine Biscuits)
introduced Hydrox cookie, four years before National Biscuit Company
introduced Oreo (name combined water's atomic elements--hydrogen and oxygen); April
15, 1913 - registered "Hydrox"
trademark first used January 1, 1910 (biscuits, cakes, cookies);
1998 - sales of $16 million vs. $374 million for Oreos; 2003-
Hydrox discontinued; 2008 - Hydrox reintroduced by popular demand
(more than 1,300 phone inquiries, online petition with more than 1,000
signatures, Internet chat sites).
Kellogg School -
100th
Anniversary:
1908 -
Northwestern University's School of Commerce formed Board of
Guarantors to provide part-time evening technical training courses
in business to employees of Chicago companies; hired Willard E.
Hotchkiss as first Dean; October 1910
- School of Commerce opened; 1912
- faculty, Board of Trustees approved degree program leading to
Bachelor of Business Administration (B.B.A.), to coordinate
courses in commerce and economics; Professor Arthur Swanson taught
school’s first “marketing” course;
1915 - women students accounted for about 6% of
School of Commerce student body;
June 1915 -
Hotchkiss, Walter Dill Scott (Department of Psychology), others
created National Association of Teachers of Advertising (NATA;
became American Marketing Association);
1917
- annual enrollment exceeded 1,000; 90 diplomas in Commerce
awarded in first decade;
1919 - introduced
full-time undergraduate day program leading to Bachelor of Science
in Commerce;
1920
- launched graduate program leading toward Master of Business
Administration degree; drew nearly 400 students in first two
years;
1922 - Fred E. Clark
published Principles of Marketing -broke marketing into its
constituent parts (assembling, grading, storing, transporting,
financing, selling);
1926 -
established doctoral program (10 students per year until end of
World War II); 1937 -
annual operating budget of approximately $650,000; enrollment of
more than 8,000 full-time, part-time students; among largest,
financially successful collegiate business schools in United
States; 1942 - School
of Commerce changed name of undergraduate program to Bachelor of
Science in Business Administration;
1949 - faculty, student body almost entirely male;
1956 - School of
Commerce became School of Business Administration, Graduate
Commerce Division became Graduate School of Business
Administration; 1962
- Professor Philip Kotler joined school's esteemed Marketing
Department; 1966 -
MBA program admitted women for first time;
1969 - School of Business named Graduate
School of Management; MBA renamed Masters of Management (MM)
degree; 1979 - John
L. and Helen Kellogg Foundation
(son of Will Keith Kellogg, 1/3 owner of Battle Creek Toasted Corn
Flake Co. incorporated in February 1906)
donated $10 million to school;
Graduate School of Management renamed J.L. Kellogg Graduate School
of Management; 2002 -
London-based Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) ranked Kellogg’s
MBA program as best in world for three consecutive years.
Marlboro -
100th
Anniversary:
April 14, 1908 - Philip Morris & Co ., Ltd. registered
"Marlboro" trademark first used in 1883 (cigarettes).
Melitta (Coffee) -
100th
Anniversary:
June 20, 1908 - Melitta Bentz, housewife from Dresden,
Germany, received a German patent for
filter top device lined with disc shaped blotting
paper (way to brew perfect cup of coffee with none of bitterness
caused by over- brewing); had found that her son's blotter paper used for
school worked best; cut round piece of blotting paper, put it in metal cup; December 15th, 1908 - started Melitta Bentz
Company.; 1909 - sold 1200 coffee filters at the Leipziger
fair in Germany;
1925 - introduced red red and green
filter package;
1937 - patented filter bag;
April 3, 1956 - Horst Wolfgang Bentzdoing business as
Melitta-Werke Bentz registered "Melitta" trademark (coffee [tea] [and coffee
substitutes]); 1962
- patented vacuum packing.
Milk-Bone -
100th
Anniversary:
1908
- F. H. Bennett Biscuits Co. (organized in New York City in 1907) introduced
Milk-Bone dog biscuit; first domestic canine food; January 26, 1909
- Sterling Biscuit Company registered "Milk-Bone Brand" trademark first used
September 2, 1908 (dog-biscuits); 1931 - acquired by National
Biscuits Co.
Mills & Boon -
100th
Anniversary:
1908 - Gerald Mills and
Charles Boon launched
Mills & Boon
publishing company as general fiction publisher with modest £1,000;
first book - romance book - Arrows From The Dark, by Sophie Cole (1,394 women
had bought book by 1914); published books about everything from travel to craft;
1909 - 123 contracts signed; introduced 'June 15' series (new
title published each year on that date by major new author); 1912
- 1,000 new manuscripts received (75 per cent from women, 95 per cent from
unknown authors, published no more then six); post WW I - discovered growing
appetite for escapism through romance, concentrated on hardback romances;
1930s - golden age for company, set new sales records; 6,000 - 8,000
copies of each story printed; 1939 - reputation set as ‘library
house’, supplied wholesome romantic fiction to circulating libraries; 1957
- Harlequin Books published first Mills & Boon title; 1958 -
Harlequin published 16 titles (all Doctor-Nurse romances); 1959 -
34 of 54 books Harlequin published were Mills & Boon titles; 1966
- paperbacks represented 50% of Mills & Boon's sales; 1968 - 130
hardback, 72 paperback romances a year; book length restricted to 188 to 192
pages, glamorous heroines became central element of covers; 1971 -
merged with Harlequin; October
1975 - controlling interest in Harlequin Enterprises acquired by Torstar
Corporation; mid 1980s - Harlequin Mills & Boon sold about
250 million books worldwide; 2000 - Mills & Boon maintained title
of world's leading publisher of romance fiction; published 50 new titles
(manuscripts from 200 UK authors, 1,300 worldwide); book sold every 5 seconds
within UK.
Nielsen Builders -
100th
Anniversary:
1908
- Danish immigrant Joseph Nielsen founded J. Nielsen & Co., small,
one-man shop, in Round Hill, VA; 1924 - acquired W.M.
Bucher & Son, prominent builder in Shenandoah Valley; 1951
- incorporated, renamed Nielsen Construction Co.; 1961
- Samuel Shrum succeeded as company president; 1996
- formed parent company, form the parent company of Nielsen
Builders; 2008 - 230 people, more than $80
million of project revenue.
Oil -
100th
Anniversary:
May 26, 1908 - First major Middle East oil strike made
at Masjid-i-Suleiman, Persia, two days short of 7 years since Shah
Muzaffar al-Din had signed the concession agreement with William Knox
D'Arcy; January 1908 - drilling began under chief engineer
George B. Reynolds; 1909 - Anglo-Persian Oil formed to
develop the oil field, forerunner of British Petroleum (BP).
Olivetti -
100th
Anniversary:
October 29, 1908
- Camillo Olivetti founded Ing. C. Olivetti & C., S.p.A., "first Italian
typewriter factory", in Ivrea, Italy; 20 employees, weekly output of 20
machines; 1911 - presented first typewriter, M1, at Universal Fair
in Turin; 1933 - Adriano Olivetti (son) , appointed to post of
director general; 1950s - undisputed leader in mechanical office product
technology; 1967 - millionth Divisumma 24 calculator producted;
1959 - acquired Underwood, leading US typewriter manufacturer;
1959 - introduced Elea 9003, Italy's first electronic computer;
1978 - acquired by Carlo De Benedetti; 1983 - formed
strategic alliance with AT&T; moved into information technology, introduced
succession of systems lines, expanded into IT services business; 1995
- established Omnitel, mobile communications provider; obtained operating
license, began commercial service; formed Infostrada, fixed-line provider;
September 1996 - strengthened focus on telecommunications,
rationalized operations in information technology; 1998 - 8% of
company acquired by Bell SA (Luxembourg) for $608 million (subsequently raised
to 12% controlling stake);February 1999 - launched tender offer
for Telecom Italia; June 1999 -acquired more than 52% for 31.5
billion euros; Omnitel, Infostrada acquired by Mannesmann (to comply with
antitrust regulation); Italy's largest telecommunications group, revenues of
approximately 148,000 billion lire, 132,000 employees; July 2001 -
23% interest acquired by consortium, including Pirelli SpA, Benetton groups, for
$6.5 billion; 2003 - absorbed into Telecom Italia as Olivetti
Tecnost.
Pontiac -
100th
Anniversary:
April 16, 1908 -
Edward Murphy, founder of Pontiac Buggy Company, sold first Oakland car
(Oakland Car Company); 1909 - acquired
by William C. Durant, absorbed into holding company, General
Motors (GM); later called Pontiac.
Schering-Plough -
100th
Anniversary:
1908 - Abe Plough
(16), Memphis entrepreneur, founded Plough, Inc.; borrowed $125 from his father,
started as one man business; created product called
Plough's Antiseptic Healing Oil (linseed oil,
carbolic acid, camphor); 1918 - incorporated as Plough Chemical
Co. (later changed to Plough, Inc.); 1920 - acquired St. Joseph
Company (Chattanooga, TN), children's aspirin; 1951 -
incorporated; 1954 - net sales of $254.5 million; 1971
- merged with Schering Corporation, primarily manufacturer of prescription
pharmaceuticals; Plough was Chairman of both Plough, Incorporated, and
Schering-Plough.
Willys-Overland (Jeep) -
100th
Anniversary:
1908 - John North Willys, successful car dealer of
Overland vehicles in Elmira, NY, bought Overland Automotive Company
(Indianapolis, IN), Division of Standard Wheel Company (company had
supply problems in 1907); 1912 - renamed Willys-Overland Company;
1915 - second largest carmaker in U.S.; 1916
- produced over 140,000 cars; 1920 - company $46 million
in debt; hired Walter Chrysler
for $1 million per year salary
to turn company around; 1921 - Chrysler left company to
go into business for himself after failed takeover attempt; March
1930 - May 1932 - Willys appointed
U.S. Ambassador to
Poland;
1933 - bankruptcy
reorganization; 1936 - emerged from bankruptcy, renamed
Willys-Overland Motors, Inc.; 1939 - competed for U.S. Armed Forces contract
to produce all-terrain, general purpose
("GP" or "Jeep") troop transport vehicle (four-wheel drive, masked
fender-mount headlights, rifle rack under the dash);
November 13, 1940 - first Willys-Overland Jeep prototype
completed, submitted to the U.S. Army for approval (four-wheel drive, open-air cab, rifle rack mounted
under the windshield); 1941 - mass production began;
1945 - some 350,000 Jeeps had rolled off assembly lines onto battlefields of Asia, Africa, Europe; first civilian Jeep ("CJ") vehicle, CJ-2A,
introduced (forefather of today's sport utility vehicles).
Yale University Press -
100th
Anniversary:
1908 - George Parmly
Day founded Yale University Press in cubbyhole-size office in Manhattan to
acquire, publish important works of scholarship; 1909 - issued
first book, "The Beginnings of Gospel Story", by Benjamin W. Bacon; 1918
to 1929 - presented all of Shakespeare’s plays small, low-priced
hardcover editions; 1919 - launched Yale Series of Younger Poets
(annual contest, award, publication of first book of poetry by poet under
forty); 1956 - published, posthumously, Eugene O’Neill’s Long
Day’s Journey into Night (fastest-selling title in YUP’s history, among Press’s
most perennially successful books); 1959 - Chester Kerr named
director; took on decades-long multivolume projects based on enormous scholarly
efforts; 1961 - formally became department of Yale (though
financially and operationally autonomous); 1960s and 1970s -
number of titles published annually tripled (30 to 90); 1981 -
John G. Ryden named director (more than 4,000 books); diversified to include in
books with broader appeal (important books that were also commercially viable,
could subsidize more highly specialized monographs); branched into publishing
textbooks, developed strength in art history; 2001 - partnered
with Harvard University Press, MIT Press, created TriLiteral LLC, limited
liability partnership to manage distribution of all three presses’ publications;
January 2003 - John Donatich named director; established
partnerships with leading museums to publish, distribute major exhibition
catalogues, other works; largest books-only, U.S.-based university press (more
than 8,000 books, upwards of 300 new books per year).
Drive-ins -
75th
Anniversary:
May 16, 1933 - Richard Hollingshead Jr.
(sales
manager for Whiz Auto Products in Camden, NJ) received
patent for for a "Drive-in Theater";
wanted to create a theater
where parents could bring children in their pajamas, avoid
baby-sitters, and relax in comfort of their own car while watching
a Friday night film; June 6, 1933 - first
drive-in movie theater opened on
Crescent Boulevard in Camden, NJ; admission 25¢ per car, 25¢ per
person, with no car paying more than $1.00; 1950 -
May 16, 1933 patent declared invalid; 1958 -
Drive-ins reached high of 4,063.
Esquire -
75th
Anniversary:
October 1933
- Arnold Gingrich and David Smart (Chicago publisher) founded
Esquire (magazine); first issue stories by Hemingway, John Dos
Passos, Dashiell Hammett, Bobby Jones on golf, Gene Tunney on
boxing.
FDIC -
75th
Anniversary:
June 16, 1933 -
President Roosevelt signed the banking Act of 1933; established
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC); January 1,
1934 - FDIC insurance started at $2,500 level; 1935
- Banking Act of 1935 provided for permanent deposit insurance,
started at $5,000 level; 1950 - coverage increased
to $10,000 ($15,000 in 1966; $20,000 in 1969; $40,000 in 1974;
$100,000 in 1980); 1989 - largest number of bank
failures in FDIC history (206); January 2004-February 2007
- longest period in FDIC history without bank failure; 2005 -
Federal Deposit Insurance Reform Act provided increased coverage
of $250,000 for certain retirement accounts.
Kirkus Review -
75th
Anniversary:
1933 - Virginia Kirkus, former head of the
children's book department of Harper & Bros., launched book review
service, innovation in field of publishing, selling books.
Chemise LaCoste -
75th
Anniversary:
1933 - René LaCoste and André Gillier, owner and President
of largest French knitwear manufacturing firm of that time, set up
company to manufacture crocodile logo-embroidered shirt, designed
by
tennis champion for his own use on tennis court (nicknamed "the
Alligator" by American press after making bet with Captain
of the French Davis Cup Team: win very important match for team,
get suitcase made from alligator skin), other shirts for tennis,
golf and sailing; may be first time brand name appeared on outside
of article of clothing; first LACOSTE shirt was white, slightly
shorter than counterparts, ribbed collar, short sleeves with
ribbed bands, made of light knitted fabric ("Jersey petit piquéIt");
irst catalogue produced.
Newsweek -
75th
Anniversary:
February 17, 1933 - Thomas J.C. Martyn, former foreign news editor at
Time magazine, published first issue of News-Week; 1937 -
merged with Raymond Moley's Today magazine; Malcolm Muir, former
president of McGraw-Hill Publishing, took over as president,
editor-in-chief; changed name to Newsweek; 1961 -
acquired by Washington Post Company; Muir named honorary chairman of the
board.
US News & World Report -
75th
Anniversary:
May 17, 1933
- David Lawrence produced first issue of weekly newspaper called
United States News; 16-page paper devoted primarily to federal
government activities in Washington; cost 5 cents; January
5, 1940 - changed format from newspaper to magazine;
billed itself as "the Weekly Newsmagazine of National Affairs";
first issue contained 52 pages; May 23, 1946 -
introduced World Report, new weekly magazine devoted entirely to
international news; January 16, 1948 - United States
News and World Report merged, became new magazine titled
U.S.News & World Report, combined national, international news
coverage; newsstand price 15 cents an issue; 1958
-circulation passed 1 million mark ; 1973 -
circulation passed 2 million mark; November 28, 1983
- began annual rankings of American colleges, universities;
October 12, 1984 - acquired by publisher, real estate
developer Mortimer B. Zuckerman (had been employee-owned from
1962–1984).
Washington Post -
75th
Anniversary:
June 1, 1933 -
acquired at auction (from prior owner Edward (Ned) McLean)
by financier Eugene Meyer for $825,000
Windex -
75th
Anniversary:
January 31, 1933 - Drackett Chemical Company (Cincinnati,
OH) registered "Windex" trademark first
used July 22, 1932 (liquid cleaner for
glass and vitreous surfaces).
AARP -
50th
Anniversary:
1958 - Dr. Ethel Percy Andrus,
retired high school principal, founded American Association for
Retired Persons (AARP) to promote independence, dignity, purpose
for older persons, to enhance quality of life for older persons,
to encourage older people "To serve, not to be served";
had founded National Retired Teachers Association (NRTA) in 1947
to promote productive aging, need of retired teachers for health
insurance; 1999 - changed its name to
AARP
American Express Card -
50th
Anniversary:
October 1, 1958 - introduced
travel-and-entertainment charge card (paper printed with purple
ink to resemble Travelers Cheques); 1959 -
introduced plastic charge cards; 1963 - more than
1 million cards in use at approximately 85,000 establishments within,
outside United States; 1966 - launched Gold Card.
Ben's Chili Bowl -
50th
Anniversary:
August 22, 1958 - Ben and Virginia Ali opened Ben’s
Chili Bowl on U St. ("Black Broadway") in Washington, DC; used
$5,000, renovated 1909 building (former Minnehaha Theater);
frequented by Duke Ellington, Miles Davis, Bessie Smith, Ella
Fitzgerald, Cab Calloway, Nat King Cole, Redd Foxx, Dick Gregory,
Martin Luther King Jr., Bill Cosby; May 2001 - Ben
and Virginia inducted into DC Hall of Fame
Cliffs Notes -
50th
Anniversary:
August 1958
- Cliff Hillegass launched CliffsNotes, in Lincoln, NE,
with line of 16 Shakespeare titles; prompted by Jack Cole, owner
of Canada's Coles Notes; 18.5 thousand units sold; 1965
- 2 million units sold; December 1998 - acquired by
Hungry Minds, Inc. (formerly IDG Books, Inc.); September
2001 - Hungry Minds, Inc. acquired by John Wiley & Sons,
Inc.
Dexter Shoe Co. -
50th
Anniversary:
1958 - Harold Alfond bought old woolen mill in Dexter, ME;
founded Dexter Shoe Co. (had founded Norrwock Shoe Company in 1940, sold
it for more than $1 million in 1944); at peak, manufactured more than
36,000 pairs of shoes daily, 7.5 million annually; 1971 -
opened factory outlet store at Dexter plant, sold imperfect shoes,
discontinued lines; first of nationwide chain of 80 stores; 1977 -
established Harold Alfond Foundation, Maine's first private foundation;
1978 - acquired minority interest in Boston Red Sox;
1993 - acquired by Berkshire Hathaway for $420 million;
2007 - Payless ShoeSource Inc. became exclusive U.S. seller
of Dexter brand shoes.
Hush Puppies -
50th
Anniversary: 1958 -
Victor Krause, Chairman (and son of founder) of
Wolverine Shoe & Tanning Company (founded 1883) introduced soft,
suede oxford shoe; established category of casual footwear; named
Hush Puppies;
July 1, 1958 - registered "Hush Puppies" trademark
first used May 21, 1957 (shoes); name
suggested by Jim Muir, company salesman; had dined at friend’s home in
Tennessee; enjoyed Southern dish of fried corn dough called "Hush
Puppies"; told that any remaining corn dough was fed to dogs to keep
them from barking (common to refer to aching feet as "barking dogs"); 1959 - sold internationally;
1963 - one in ten American adults owned pair of "Hush
Puppies"; 1995 - voted Fashion Accessory of the Year
by Council of Fashion Designers of America.
Integrated Circuit -
50th
Anniversary:
September 12, 1958 - Jack
S. Kilby (inventor of integrated circuit, Nobel Prize in Physics
in 2000) performed successful laboratory demonstration of first
simple microchip (he designed) at Texas Instruments;
June 23, 1964 - received a patent for "Miniaturized
Electronic Circuits" ("unique integrated electronic circuits
fabricated from semiconductor material...components of an entire
electronic circuit are integrated into the body of semiconductor
material and constitute portions thereof"); assigned to Texas
Instruments Inc.
IHOP -
50th
Anniversary:
1958 - Al Lapin opened first
International House of Pancakes in Toluca Lake, CA; 1960
- began expansion through franchising; 1961 - went
public; 1963 - adopted name International
Industries; March 23, 1965 - International
Industries, Inc. registered "International House of Pancakes"
trademark first used February 26, 1960 (restaurant services);
1973 - acronym IHOP introduced; July 16, 1974
- International Industries, Inc. registered "IHOP" trademark first
used November 1972 (restaurant services); 1992 -
500th IHOP opened; 1993 - average sales per IHOP
exceeded $1 million; 1998 - system wide sales
exceeded $1 billion; 2001 - 1,000th IHOP opened;
July 16, 2007 - said it would pay $1.9 billion for
Applebee's International, casual dining chain of restaurants.
Omni Hotels -
50th
Anniversary:
1958
- Five Dunfey brothers founded Dunfey Hotels Corporation; began
with Lamie’s Motor Inn (32 rooms) in Hampton, NH; Jack Dunfey as
president; 1972 - acquired by Aetna Life & Casualty
Co. (18 hotel, motor inn properties), operated by Dunfeys;
1964 - acquired several existing hotels, motor inns owned
by Sheraton; became largest hotel franchise holder in world (14
inns); 1968 - acquired financially ailing Parker
House in Boston; 1968 - started "Wayfarers Club"
(model for frequent traveler programs); 1976 -
acquired by Aer Lingus, Irish national airline; 1983
- acquired Omni International Hotels (three hotels in Atlanta,
Norfolk, Miami); company reorganized into Dunfey Hotels (14
hotels, motor inns operated under independent or franchise names,
or under Dunfey name - divested by 1992), Omni International
Hotels (9 hotels); 1987- acquired by World
International Holdings, Ltd. and The Wharf (Holdings) Limited for
$135 million; first major hotel chain to shift focus of its
frequent traveler program from awards program to guest recognition
program; 1991 - World International's share acquired
by Wharf Holdings Limited; February 1996 - Omni
Hotels/North America acquired by TRT Holdings, Inc. (Corpus
Christi, TX) - nine upscale hotels, management contracts,
franchise agreements on 26 others, rights to Omni Hotels brand
name worldwide, excluding Asia; 1998 - acquired new
Omni Hotels in San Francisco, Denver, Detroit, Charlotte, New
Haven, Connecticut, Puerto Aventuras, Mexico; 2008 -
privately owned, mid-size company, operates 39 luxury hotels.
UPI -
50th
Anniversary:
May 24, 1958
- United Press International formed through a merger of the
United Press and the International News Service.
VISA -
50th
Anniversary:
1958 – Bank of America launched
BankAmericard in Fresno, CA (innovative "revolving credit" feature);
1970 - Visa incorporated in Delaware as National
BankAmericard Inc. (NBI); 1974 - International Bankcard
Company (IBANCO) formed to administer BankAmericard program
internationally; 1976 - BankAmericard changed name to
Visa; 1983 - launched global ATM network, provided 24-hour
cash access to cardholders around world; 1997 - annual
global sales volume reached $ trillion; 2001 - annual
global sales volume reached $2 trillion; 2004 - global
debit volume surpassed credit volume; 2007- completed
corporate restructuring, created new global corporation, Visa
Inc.; nation's largest electronic-payments processor ($5.2 billion in 2007 revenue,
handles more than 44 billion transactions valued at more than $3.2
trillion).
PC World -
25th
Anniversary:
January 1983
- David Bunnell and Cheryl Woodard, founders of PC, magazine for
IBM PC users (left over ownership dispute with Ziff-Davis),
published first issue (324-pages) of PC World (announced at COMDEX
trade show in November 1982), backed with $2 million in funding
from International Data Group; all but 4 of original 52 PC
Magazine staffers joined new magazine; covered technology, how
people used PCs for everything from financial management to games,
campaigned for less repressive software copy protection, launched
companion publication, Macworld, to bring same coverage to Apple
machines; 1991 - created PC World Test Center to
produce monthly rankings of most important products; 2006
- readership of over 4.8 million.
Euro -
10th
Anniversary:
June 1, 1998 - European Central
Bank opened in Frankfurt, Germany (January
1, 1998 - Euro, single European currency, introduced for
use by European businesses; global currencies previously tied to
dollar, linked to gold;
January 1, 2002 - The euro became legal tender for
European consumers - currency of 15 countries, 320 million people;
replaced
Deutsche Mark, French franc, Italian lira, Spanish peseta,
Greek drachma, Austrian schilling, Belgian franc, Finnish markka,
Irish pound, Luxembourg franc, Dutch guilder, Portuguese escudo;
around 7.8 billion euro notes, 40.4 billion euro coins (worth €144
billion) put into general circulation by central banks of twelve
participating countries of euro area; euro notes distributed by
bank machines; shops started to give customers change in euro
cash.
More successful than ever
imagined:
1) European Central Bank has kept inflation in check
2) Prices rose an average of 2.1% /year over last 10 years
3) No politician has made serious attempt to undermine Central
Bank's role
4) No country has seriously considering leaving European Union
"Behavioral influence" of common currency limited - no reform
policies by unions, politicians; divergence in economic
performance amongst members = distribution of risk.
__________________________________________________
Exhibits/Conferences
|
|